<DIV align="left">Dear All,</DIV>
<DIV align="left">In my calculated systems, which carry a positive charge, at the same time, background charges with same amount is added to all unit</DIV>
<DIV align="left">cell include vacuum layer automatically, but in my systems, I don't want to let vacuum layer fill backgroun charges when calculated. </DIV>
<DIV align="left">Thus, I'd like to ask if PWSCF can do calculations that vacuum layer do not fill backgrount charges ? </DIV>
<DIV align="left">I have checked the manual and original pipemails, but didn't find many topics on background charges.<BR>However,I found many discussions on EXTERNAL POTENTIAL which makes it possible to add an external <BR>electrostatic field. <BR>If possible, how ? </DIV>
<DIV align="left"> </DIV>
<DIV align="left">Many thanks.</DIV>
<DIV align="left">Best regards,<BR>Lihui Ou<BR></DIV>
<DIV><BR>--<BR></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial" size="3">======================================</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial" size="3">Lihui Ou</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial" size="3">PH.D Candidate in Electrochemistry </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial" size="3">College of Chemistry and Molecular Science </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Arial" size="3">Wuhan University,<EM>430072</EM>,Hubei Province,China </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><EM><FONT face="Arial" size="3">E-mail:</FONT><A href="mailto:oulihui666@126.com" target="_blank"><FONT face="Arial" size="3">oulihui666@126.com</FONT></A></EM></DIV>
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